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Abstract: In the process of teaching mathematics to junior schoolchildren a lot of time and attention is given to doing text tasks. Modern teaching methods consider the ability of doing mathematical tasks as a universal learning action. This calls forth the problem of formation of a general method while working on a task. The article reveals the possibility of formation of some general actions while doing text tasks at primary school by creating equations with one variable. Generalizations refer both to characteristics, determining the content and structure of tasks, and to actions performed while doing them. Realizing the similarity of content of text tasks with different mathematical structures, junior schoolchildren acquire the ability to generalize these facts, to complete the equation according to the terms of the task and further to transfer familiar ways of solution to new mathematical situation. The authors identify five main stages of formation of the general method of doing text tasks with 3rd -4th form pupils. Teaching junior schoolchildren the ability of doing tasks by making equations will save them from having to remember numerous arithmetic methods of solving tasks.