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Abstract: The article reveals the problem of developing foreign language grammatical competence of secondary school pupils. The results of doing grammar tasks of the unified state examination in a foreign language in Sverdlovsk Region for 6 years (2009 to 2014) confirm the need to prepare pupils for this part of the exam better and demonstrate an insufficient level of developing foreign language grammatical competence of school leavers. The article shows the relationship of foreign language grammatical knowledge, skills and habits in developing foreign language grammatical competence of pupils on the basis of the scientific works of Y. Sitnov, R. Millrood, J. Vitlin, I. Zimnyaya, V. Tsetlin, E. Passov, P. Gurvich and A. Kudryashov. The main stages of formation of grammatical skills correlate with the stages of Y. Sitnov, and with the stages of speech-thought actions and of grammatical formalization of speech (R. Millrood). In the article, the definitions of "grammatical skills" and "foreign language grammatical competence" have been formulated. The author analyzes the major and minor grammatical skills of speaking, in accordance with the guidelines provided on the support site of the unified state exam in Sverdlovsk Region in 2015. The article reveals the most effective ways of developing foreign language grammatical competence in the practice of teaching foreign language grammar and in training for the unified state exam and also outlines the criteria for determining the level of developing foreign language grammatical competence.