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Abstract: The article is devoted to the identification and analysis of the main trends in the development of health creation ideas in the history of Russian education in the 19th century: revolutionary-democratic research area in pedagogy (M. A. Bakunin, V. G. Belinsky, A. I. Herzen, N. G. Chernyshevsky, N. A. Dobrolubov), humanistic research area (K. D. Ushinsky, L. N. Tolstoy), social-philosophical research area (V. S. Solovyov, K. N. Leontiev, V. V. Rozanov), the Russian national school of S. A. Rachinsky, N. F. Bunakov, sanitary support of the educational process (N. I. Pirogov, D. I. Pisarev, N. I. Korf etc.). The paper examines the historical background of the development of health theory and practice of humankind. The authors highlighted in different areas of this process: empirical, religious, scientific, medical, sanitary, epidemic and preventive, educational, psychological, and pedagogical. The authors analyze pedagogical views of the representatives of the revolutionary-democratic movement of the 19th century on the problem of creation of conditions for healthy upbringing of the younger generation. Revolutionary-democratic trend in education has determined all aspects of healthy upbringing of the younger generation, with the only purpose of moral training of citizens, fearless fighters for a better social order, members of the people's revolution. Its representatives made a number of demands on the organization of health-educational environment, put forward some recommendations for the physical education of a child, launched in pedagogical theory and practice debate on the abolition of physical punishment of children in the family and in school.