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Abstract: The article analyzes the reform carried out by the British authorities in the field of Welsh education. In the course of the study based on a complex of legislative and act material, including the “Welsh Intermediate Education Act” (1889), the “The Education Act” (1902), the “Reports of the commissioners of inquiry into the state of education in Wales” (1847), the causes and results of the educational reform were identified and characterized. The author concludes that popular uprisings and riots in Wales in the middle of the 19th century, such as the Chartist movement and “Rebecca Riots”, as well as an educational report called the “The Treason of the Blue Books”, contributed to the beginning of the open struggle of the Welsh in the political arena for the right to be called a "civilized" people and for the opportunity to become part of the English-speaking British world. To achieve this goal, it was necessary to reform the system of primary and secondary education, as well as create conditions for higher education. As a result of this process, Wales was covered by a network of schools, the issue of funding and management of educational institutions was resolved, the University of Wales and other scientific centers of national importance were founded, which contributed to raising the level of education of the local population. It is also worth noting that, as a result of the reform, firstly, the number of Welsh people who received primary and vocational education increased, secondly, the level of personnel training increased; thirdly, it was possible to increase the number of speakers of the Welsh language; fourthly, to create a solid basis for maintaining the national identity and cultural identity of the Welsh people.