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Abstract: The article deals the problem of organizing the educational and research activities for the students of physics at modern schools. The analysis of normative documents and existing approaches shows that the Federal State Educational Standards for elementary and secondary school education require cohesion between the educational and research activities at physics classes and in extracurricular training. The article identifies three levels of school students' educational and research activities, which sequentially make it possible to maximize the personal potential and ensure the research skills: the inclusion of educational research (its elements) in the classes; group extracurricular forms of training; implementation of individual research projects. The article suggests extracurricular forms of educational and research activities for the students of primary (physics study groups) and secondary (laboratory training) schools. It also outlines the criteria for the selection of content for the group research activities in collective extracurricular forms of training: generalizing in nature (integration of the knowledge of various sections of physics); research character and novelty (transfer of knowledge to a new situation); variability (various levels of complexity and degrees of students' independence); the availability of equipment (standard equipment of the physics classroom, or the possibility of creating a self-made installation). These forms of group work have been tested in the collaboration of Nizhny Novgorod schools and Nizhny Novgorod State University, which shows that the educational and research activities of students in physics, that connect classes and extracurricular training, contribute to the identification and development of their abilities, and help build the students’ professional identity.