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Abstract: The priority task of the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation is to improve the quality of life of the population. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 7, 2018 No. 204 “On national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024” established that the share of the population systematically engaged in physical culture and sports by 2024 should be 55%. Also among the expected results is an increase in life expectancy. These results are in direct correlation with the targets of the national projects “Demography” and “Health”, namely: increasing the expected healthy life expectancy to 67 years; decrease in mortality of the working-age population to 350 cases per 100 thousand population. The need to achieve these indicators actualizes the need to improve the system of physical education. As one of the approaches, it seems expedient to integrate with foreign experience, in particular, with the physical education system of Japan, where physical culture classes accompany a person throughout his life. The purpose of the study is to identify and determine approaches to attracting the population to physical education through a comparative analysis of the systems of physical education in Japan and the Russian Federation, through the introduction of components of the Japanese system of physical education in the system of physical education in the Russian Federation. As a result of the study, it was determined how the system for the formation of a comprehensively developed and physically healthy person with a high level of physical culture in the Japanese school infrastructure works; elements that will increase the number of people engaged in physical culture and sports on the territory of the Russian Federation.