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Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of the important problem of repression in relation to Ural teachers in the first decades of the Soviet power. Violence and the class approach were the hallmarks of socioeconomic transformations in this historical period. After the restoration of the Soviet power in the Urals in the summer of 1919, during the ongoing Civil War, the Bolshevik leadership resorted to repression against teachers who collaborated with Kolchak and, in the opinion of officials, were hostile to the Bolshevik regime. Teachers were victims of administrative arbitrariness of the authorities, brought to justice by judicial and extrajudicial punitive bodies, even if they declared their desire to honestly continue their teaching work. Particularly severe punitive measures were directed against those school employees who served in the Kolchak army, regardless of whether they had come to the service voluntarily or were made to. After the end of the Civil War in the country, the repressive policy against teachers lost the character of judicial and extrajudicial executions, but since the Bolsheviks were guided by the "class" approach, they continued repressions against teachers even in the 1920s, believing that the former "exploiter classes" background (noblemen, merchants, clergy, etc.) in many respects determines the negative attitude of school teachers towards the Soviet power. As a consequence, many teachers were not allowed to do pedagogical work, were dismissed from their jobs and undeservedly accused of anti-Soviet agitation. In the late 1920's. refusal of the active support of the Soviet ideas by the teachers was viewed by the authorities as a manifestation of hostile sentiments, which were punished by administrative measures.