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Abstract: The article presents an analysis of foreign and domestic approaches to the study of the phenomenon of intercultural communication. The term “intercultural communication” is still specified by the scientific community, since there is no definite point of view on its structural components and ways of intercultural competence diagnosing. From our point of view, intercultural communication is one of the main criteria for the successful integration of foreign students in the schools of higher education in Russia. This problem is of especial urgency for the eastern regions of Russia, where students from the neighboring countries, such as China and Mongolia, get higher education. Within the framework of the RFBR grant "Models of Intercultural Interaction of Students in the Russian Regions", a questionnaire was developed for foreign students from Mongolia and China that study in Russian higher schools in Ulan-Ude. This article shows the results of the survey to identify stereotypes of foreign students about Russia and the Russians, it also presents the analysis of value orientations about "own / alien" cultures. We have revealed a wide range of problems concerning the attitude of young people towards their ethnos and nationality; and the importance of personal qualities in determining the attitude of a person to another person. The article presents the results of comparing the students’ ways of life representing different cultures, their attitude to learning, free time and other phenomena of public life. It was elicited that positive assessments prevail in relation to the Russian culture. However, a number of important problems were identified that cause difficulties in the formation of intercultural competence of young people. Based on the results of the questionnaire, the main difficulties of intercultural interaction were analyzed and recommendations for the development of effective intercultural dialogue were formulated. The article presents the results of comparing the students’ ways of life representing different cultures, students’ attitude to learning, free time and other phenomena of public life. It was elicited that positive assessments prevail in relation to Russian culture. However, a number of important problems was identified that allows to conclude about difficulties in the formation of intercultural competence at young people. Based on the results of the questionnaire, the main difficulties of intercultural interaction were analyzed and recommendations for the development of effective intercultural dialogue were formulated.