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Abstract: The article is devoted to the discussion of approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the application of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the educational process. Analysis of the approaches used and described in the information sources reveals a number of their shortcomings. Firstly, no question of the appropriateness and justification of the use of a particular ICT tool by a teacher is put or discussed in any evaluation scheme. Secondly, they do not distinguish between the concepts of «result» and «efficiency», do not take into account the resource costs (financial expenses, time spent by the teacher) associated with the use of ICT in the learning process. Thirdly, assessments are based, mainly, on technological or organizational criteria, not taking into account the pedagogical foundations for using ICT. The author puts forward and justifies a number of principles that can serve as a basis for the teacher when choosing a particular technology. The principle of the prevalence of didactics over technology: the primary is didactic task, and not technology; the role of technology is to ensure that it is known and much more successful than traditional methods. The principle of clear advantage: the use of ICT should provide a noticeable improvement of any aspect of the existing educational process. The principle of resource justification: first of all, it is necessary to develop and implement those areas of ICT use in the educational process, which have a higher efficiency. The principle of technological relevance: the educational process should use ICT and educational resources that meet the current level of technological and methodological development. The principle of systematic: achieving any set didactic goal requires the systematic use of ICT. Examples are given that illustrate the consequences of these principles. Based on the described principles, a scheme is proposed for assessing the effectiveness of ICT in learning. The scheme provides for two levels of assessment — a separate tool (technology) and a set of tools.