Journal archive

Abstract: The article describes the aims and main characteristics of positive parenting. Parenthood is seen as a process to promote progressive development of the child and achievement of their autonomy in a friendly, safe and psychologically comfortable environment created by the behavior of the parent. The article discusses the conditions and factors that determine effectiveness of the parent and the quality of parenting as personal characteristics of the parents, and individual personal characteristics of the child, especially parent-child interaction and marital relationships, and the level of psychological well-being of the parents. All these factors do not act in isolation, but interact, reinforcing, leveling and compensating for each other, and ultimately determining the level of parental competence. The author identifies such causes of deviant parenting as violation of the motivational sphere, family history, unwillingness to carry out the parent function and personal immaturity of parents, reflected in such personal qualities as a low level of responsibility, selfishness, difficult temperament of the child, a problem that limits its ability, low unsatisfactory level of psycho-pedagogical competence of parents. The article formulates the conditions which refute stereotype representations about the risk factors of realization of parenthood. It also shows that the risk factor for the development and psychological well-being of the child is not so much the fact of living in a single-parent family as the ongoing parental conflict. Attention is drawn to the fact that fathers are as capable of effective and sensitive parenting as mothers. The position of the author that mental development of the child is determined by social relations, but not a genetic link, allows talking about the study of parenthood as a very important field of modern psychology.