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Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of moral and patriotic education of senior preschool children in polyartistic activity and discloses educational opportunities of the arts synthesis in attracting children to the basic national values and the values of the national culture. The author specifies the content and essence of the notion of "moral and patriotic education", outlines the criteria, indicators and level characteristics of moral and patriotic education of senior preschool children. The article also describes the techniques of artistic pedagogy in the organization of moral and patriotic education and the opportunities of optimization of the educational potential of Russian art on the basis of experiences of children of artistic images – carriers of moral and patriotic values and implementation of moral sentiments in polyartistic, artistic and creative activities, emphasizes the importance of active methods of education involving children in situations of emotional empathy with protagonists of artistic works of Russian painting, literature and music – carriers of moral and patriotic values.