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Abstract: The article is devoted to the consideration of theoretical aspects of the study of the temporal competence. It reveals the urgency and necessity of the presence of this phenomenon in a person as a basis of the person‘s psychological health and success in any activity. The author analyzes the psychological approaches, devoted to the study of this phenomenon. Despite a number of various scientific researches on the study of the temporal competence of a person, there is no uniform approach covering all its components. Most of the authors define it as a certain ability, others as a set of factors allowing the person to carry out his duties in previously established periods, or the factors promoting the development of other types of competence. A large variety of approaches to the research of the temporal competence of a person testifies to the ambiguity of this phenomenon, to its versatile connections with personal characteristics and other types of competences, in particular, with the communicative competence or the compound component of the professional competence. Having generalized the points of view of scholars, the author makes an attempt to single out the general structure of the temporal competence of a person. The article enumerates the main indicators lying at the basis of this phenomenon. Knowing the main components of the temporal competence will allow developing further psychological technologies of its formation and development.