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Abstract: The article deals with the essence, structure and functions of responsibility of a person and the process of education of social responsibility in students. It is noted that understanding of necessity as a kind of duty in person’s activity is very important. The person’s freedom presupposes the true understanding of one’s duty and real activity in accordance with one’s knowledge. Responsibility as an opposite of freedom is preparation and ability of a person to realize his duty and regulate his activity aimed at creating well-being for himself and for other people with the help of its knowledge. Thus man’s responsibility defines the humanitarian direction of his life. Irresponsibility is the opposite of responsibility. The article singles out some causes and forms of irresponsibility. The peculiar feature of responsibility as a personal quality consists in the fact that in the system of personal qualities it functions as an extremely integrative quality. That is why formation of responsibility and its realization are possible only by means of education and self-education of all other positive qualities. The solution of the problem of the structure of responsibility depends on the definition of the principles of structuring. From the point of view of the inner structure of activity we should distinguish the following aspects of responsibility: subject of responsibility; 2) object; 3) essence of responsibility which controls the activity of the subject of responsibility. From the point of view of the direction of the subject’s activity we should single out: individual and social responsibility. The first kind of responsibility has the aim of the person’s performing his duty to oneself, the second one presupposes performing one’s duty to others, to society. From the point of view of the kinds of man’s activity we should distinguish: professional responsibility, moral responsibility, legal responsibility, family responsibility, etc. Works of literature single out various forms of responsibility. According to the author of the article, responsibility performs only one function – that of intentional regulation of activity by man. The question of formation of social responsibility has a one-sided solution in literature – it is limited to the educational influence of teachers upon students. The author argues that the kind of education of responsibility of students is leading by character, and the main role belongs to self-education. The article deals with the principles and methods of education and self-education of responsibility and the technology of its self-education bu students.