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Abstract: Even minor hearing impairments limit the child’s perception of surrounding sounds. In the presence of severe pathology of hearing at an early age is disturbed perception of sounds, including speech. This leads to various difficulties: in social adaptation, verbal communication and interpersonal interaction. On average, approximately 2-3 babies out of 1000 are born with reduced hearing. In the past few decades, fundamental changes have occurred in both methods of detecting and diagnosing hearing impairments and in the means of helping deaf and hearing-impaired children. Since 2008, universal audiological screening of newborns has been introduced in the Russian Federation, which has significantly reduced the age of hearing pathology detection. Currently, assistance to young children with hearing impairments is based on clear principles, best practices and research. Modern studies have shown that with a pronounced decrease in hearing, the most effective are assistance programs that have been initiated before the age of six months. Approaches to the design and implementation of modern assistance programs are based on the principles of family-centeredness, interdisciplinarity, functional approach, and daily household routines. This article describes the basic process steps and principles of early intervention, organizational basis for the implementation of early intervention for families with young children with hearing loss. The effectiveness of such programs is confirmed by numerous international studies and is fully consistent with the experience of working at the St. Petersburg Institute for Early Intervention.