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Abstract: The article considers the ways of introducing the ideas of C. Orff in the musical education of preschool children in China. The system of education of C. Orff is extremely popular in many countries of the world. It is in demand in Western Europe, Russia and China, but each country has its own specific features of its implementation in the musical education of children and young people. This article discusses the ways of introducing the ideas of C. Orff by various teachers in China in the musical education of preschool children. It analyzes various methods aimed at the rhythmic progress of preschool children and their ear for music development. Specific examples of rhythmic education and techniques of ear for music formation are given, which are used by teachers of China in the musical education of children. The purpose of the article is to reveal the ways of introducing the ideas of C. Orff into the system of music education of preschool children in China and to present the author's program "A Child in Music". This program is based on the ideas of C. Orff, contributing to the development of musical abilities of preschool children. For the development of sense of rhythm and an ear for music, C. Orff introduces a certain musical instrument into his system of musical education. The author of the program "A Child in Music" presents the classification of Chinese musical instruments, similar in sound and performing capabilities to the instruments of the C. Orff’s system. Thus, the musical-rhythmic education and the development of an ear for music of preschool children is realized in the process of instrumental music-making with the help of these Chinese instruments. At the same time, the whole process of organizing the rhythmic and musical education of children is based on the national instrumental culture.