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Abstract: The article discusses the basic psychological aspects of development of individuality of a pupil, as well as the key areas, methods and principles of education of tolerance, revealing cultural, social, economic, political and religious sources of intolerance. Special attention is paid to the modern interpretation of the notion of tolerance and to the conditions of realization of the process of formation of tolerance in general education schools. The article argues that it is necessary to create and implement into practical secondary school teaching educational programs for the development of tolerant behavior and the prevention of intolerance and extremism with obligatory inclusion into the structure of such programs of various forms of work with children. The article also contains an abstract from a syllabus of the course "World Tolerance" whose task is to unite the efforts of the pedagogical community in solving the problems of tolerant education by means of forming in the young people of today a clear understanding of the phenomenon of tolerance. The author of the article expresses an opinion about the priority of civil and moral-spiritual education in the system of education and about the role of formation of tolerance in classroom and out-of-class activity which would allow schoolchildren to use the obtained knowledge and skills in practical activity and everyday life.