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Abstract: The article is devoted to the question of formation of the pupils’ research competence in Natural Science in basic general and secondary general education. The issues of a research activity organization, as a necessary condition of formation of research competencies, are discussed in this article. To develop the skills of independent study of objects and phenomena in the course of Natural Science, it is proposed to introduce special didactic means – "field educational simulator" in the educational process. The grounds for its use in teaching and research activities of pupils are described. Using the method of content analysis we identified the features of the concept "simulator" and we gave a contemporary definition of a simulator as a didactic tool. The definition of a "field educational simulator" is given. The conditions, necessary for its establishment and use, are studied. The correlation between "field educational simulator" and the other practical tools like "ecological path" and "outdoor laboratory" is determined. The aspects of the simulator use as an element of an educational environment are discussed. The examples of using a field educational simulator in practice are provided. We also put forward an idea of high didactic potential of this simulator in the formation of research competence of pupils.