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Abstract: The paper studies the role of a textbook in increasing the effectiveness of the educational process in the frames of teaching Chinese students Russian as a foreign language (RFL). An attempt is made to show how the component of the textbook helps better adaptation of the foreign students to the Russian-speaking environment. The features of the textbooks in RFL are determined by the peculiarities of the methods of teaching Russian, the essence of which is to teach foreign students speak Russian at work. Thus the main role in the textbooks in RFL is given to the didactic material. The role of creolized texts as the elements of didactic material in the process of learning Russian is studied. The textbook “A Road to Russia” by V.E. Antonova is analyzed. The analysis proved that the didactic material introduced in the textbook has a positive impact on the formation of communicative competence. The elements of communicative competence in the frames of RFL are studied. The conclusion is that the texts and the tasks included in the textbook in RFL should be authentic and current; they should reflect the real communication and provide reliable rules of grammar of Russian, as well as some true facts about the Russian culture.