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Abstract: The article provides an overview of the manifestations of the shadow economy in the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet periods in the development of higher education in Russia. We analyze the practice of shadow relations between students and teachers, theft and appropriation of property by the administration of educational organization and falsification of documents. The specific features of shadow relations of these historical periods are identified. The paper focuses on the 90-s of the XX century, highlighting the specificity of the shadow economic practices of higher education, which caused a significant transformation of the educational space. It is noted that this period was characterized by heterogeneity of the phenomena and the high level of the shadow economy. The dramatic effects of the shadow economy of higher education on the national economy encourage the scientists to join the efforts on prevention of shadow effects. The review of the the concepts of the underground economy shows that a significant proportion of them are sociological approaches, which are the subject of relations in the system "student - teacher". Further studies are associated with the expansion of the domain to the actions of departments of administration and application of economic analysis.