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Abstract: The article deals with the review of new requirements included in the new federal state standards to personality characteristics of school leavers of different stages of secondary (complete) general education. The important trend in realization of the federal state standard is to carry out an individual project, which can be realized as an educational research of the project-based learning. Unfortunately, insufficient attention to defining the concepts of «educational research» and «educational project» in the contents of the new standards resulted in the need for a comparative analysis of the above-mentioned terms based on the selected criteria. The project entitled «Floating of Ships» (for 7-grade student) serves as an example of an individual project, consisting of theoretical and practical parts. The project is accompanied by a detailed description of its stages and the contents of the problematic issues and search and research tasks. This emphasizes the need for the experience of project-based learning during the previous educational trajectory in a kindergarten and a primary school, as well as in the performance of a mini-research and practice-oriented tasks in the process of learning Physics. The implementation of individual projects within school can be described with the help of a structural-functional model, which determines the structure of interrelated elements and the sequence of certain steps in the direction of the projected learning outcomes.