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Abstract: The paper examines the impact of the revolutionary events of 1917-1918 in Russia and in Ekaterinburg on the activities of the secondary schools until the beginning of the civil war in the Urals in June 1918. The authors analyze the attempts of the teaching community and students to realize the idea of the transformation of the school on the basis of its democratization and decentralization of education management system. The alternative educational community has sought to oppose the district and local officials the new authorities of educational institutions management, elected on a democratic basis. At the same time the teaching reform was connected with the convocation of the All-Russian Constituent Assembly. It is noted that the majority of teachers were against violence and class conflict to defend their professional interests. Much attention is paid to the study of changes in the attitudes and political views of Ekaterinburg teachers during the civil confrontation in the society; to the activities of municipal governments replaced by the local Soviet authorities in the sphere of management of educational institutions and the reform of education in accordance with the ideas of the "new school", which was widely spread in the years of the revolution; and to the increasing role of student groups in the management of secondary schools. Political freedom allowed to strengthen democratic principles in the life of schools: teachers and students were able to freely participate in discussions on any socio-political issues.