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Abstract: The necessity of formation of the research competence of pupils is established by the requirements of the Federal Educational Standards, however, the experience of such training is virtually nonexistent. The issue of developing the appropriate models of the educational process remains relevant for the entire pedagogical community. In this paper an attempt is made to identify the methodological principles of didactics, guiding the formation of the research competence of students in the framework of General education. The paper reveals the role of the scientific principle among the didactic principles, having the essential relations with the principles of epistemology, and the process of formation of the research competence of students. The analysis of the modern system of Russian education showed the shortcomings of the implementation of the requirements determining the principle of scientific. The principle of complementarity as the methodological principle which defines the conditions of implementation, including the principle of scientific, is suggested for the formation of the research competence of students. The author explored the ways of development of educational system in accordance with the principle of complementarity and developed the model of formation of the research competence on the basis of this principle. The experimental data, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed model, are presented.