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Abstract: The paper discusses the peculiarities of adaptation of first year students to the learning process in pedagogical university. The problem of adaptation is urgent; it is determined by both objective and subjective difficulties, the main of which are adaptation to the new educational system, regime and new community. The paper gives a brief overview of the criteria to adaptiveness determination and lists the factors that reveal the degree of adaptation, such as individual and psychological characteristics of a person, his personal, business and behavioral traits, value orientations, academic activity, health condition, social environment, family status, etc. One of the prior fields of educational work of any educational establishment is freshmen’s adaptation. The necessity for adaptation optimization fuels annual monitoring of the freshmen’s adaptation potential in the Ural State Pedagogical University, which helps to reveal the dynamics of adaptivity. The paper describes the stages of the survey and shows the goals of every stage and timing. This is a well-targeted work to make good conditions for adaptation of freshmen to new learning environment and to prevent disadaptation. Based on the analysis of adaptation potential, we provide methodological advice to the subjects of the learning process to improve adaptation process. Among such activities are trainings, out-of-campus activities for the students, mainstreaming of freshmen into voluntary organizations and unions of the university.